FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I demonstrate how online A-Level Chemistry tuition works and include an example lesson on writing ionic equations. The lesson covers the reaction between potassium carbonate and nitric acid and shows how students can identify spectator ions and write the correct ionic equation. Topics covered: • Writing ionic equations • Spectator ions • Acid reactions • Online Chemistry tuition • Using an online whiteboard for teaching and learning This video also demonstrates how effective online Chemistry tuition can be, even when teacher and student are hundreds of miles apart. Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #IonicEquations #ALevelChemistry #OnlineTuition #ChemistryRevision #ChemistryLessons

Relative Atomic Mass of an Element Visually Explained. Visually explaining how to calculate the relative atomic mass of magnesium from the percentage abundance of it's three isotopes. Magnesium 24, Magnesium 25 and Magnesium 26. Drawing 100 isotopes of Magnesium containing 2432 coloured dots to represent protons and neutrons to visually explain relative atomic mass of an element and how it is calculated from the percentage abundance of it's isotopes. 00:00 - 00:12 Introduction Atul and Paul 00:12 - 00:59 Magnesium and It's Isotopes 00:59 - 02:20 Magnesium 24 Nucleus 02:20 - 03:15 Magnesium 25 Nucleus 03:15 - 04:00 Magnesium 26 Nucleus 04:00 - 09:30 Relative Atomic Mass Visually Explained 09:30 - 13:00 Relative Atomic Mass Calculation 13:00 - 14.30 Relative Atomic Mass Discussion Further Information Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Tutor Website Book your chemistry lesson with me at.. https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ALevelChemistryTutor/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor/ Atul Rana http://www.atulranatutors.co.uk Bitpaper - Whiteboard https://www.bitpaper.io #RelativeAtomicMassOfAnElementVisuallyExplained #PaulMorgan #AlevelChemistryTutor

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I work through a water of crystallisation calculation and show how to determine the number of moles of water present in a hydrated salt. Using hydrated tin(II) chloride as an example, I demonstrate the step-by-step method used to calculate the value of x in a hydrated compound. Topics covered: • Water of crystallisation • Hydrated and anhydrous salts • Mole calculations • Empirical ratios • Determining chemical formulae • Common exam question methods Many students lose marks on these questions because they are unsure how to convert masses into moles and determine the correct ratio. This walkthrough demonstrates a clear method that can be applied to similar exam questions. Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #WaterOfCrystallisation #HydratedSalts #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryCalculations #ChemistryRevision

Addition Polymers for AS and A Level Chemistry How to name and draw the monomers, polymers and repeating units for a variety of alkenes. Includes four examples of addition polymerisation for chloroethene, propene, acrylonitrile and ethenol. Further Information Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Book your free A Level Chemistry Success Session.... https://calendly.com/alevelchemistrytutor/alevelchemistrysuccessplan Join my free private exclusive group for parents of and students studying A Level Chemistry https://www.facebook.com/groups/alevelchemistrysupport/ #AdditionPolymersAlevelChemistry #AlevelChemistryTutor #PaulMorgan

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I work through a mass spectrum exam question and explain how to answer the types of isotope and abundance calculations commonly found in A-Level Chemistry examinations. Topics covered: • Sketching the mass spectrum of bromine containing equal amounts of bromine-79 and bromine-81 • Calculating isotopic abundance • Determining the mass of an unknown isotope • Using relative atomic mass data in mass spectrometry questions These are common question types that appear regularly in A-Level Chemistry assessments. About Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #MassSpectrometry #MassSpectrum #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryExamQuestions #ChemistryRevision

FREE A-LEVEL CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 OCR Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 OCR Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I work through an A-Level Chemistry titration exam question and show you how to calculate the Mr of MHCO3 using hydrochloric acid. You'll learn: • How to use titration data correctly • How to calculate the number of moles involved • How to use the balanced equation • How to determine the Mr from your results About Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE A-Level Chemistry Teacher, Examiner and Published Research Scientist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #ALevelChemistry #TitrationCalculations #ChemistryRevision #ChemistryExamQuestions

Electrophilic Addition of Asymmetrical Alkenes. For the reaction of methylpropene and hydrogen bromide. Further Information Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Tutor Website https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ALevelChemistryTutor/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor/ Bitpaper - Whiteboard https://www.bitpaper.io Atul Rana - Maths and Science Tutor http://www.atulranatutors.co.uk #ElectrophilicAddition #ElectrophilicAdditionOfAsymmetricalAlkenes #AlevelChemistryTutor -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

Electrochemical Series Question for A Level Chemistry. How to write half and full redox equations from electrode potentials and the electrochemical series. Further Information Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Tutor Website https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ALevelChemistryTutor/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor/ Bitpaper - Whiteboard https://www.bitpaper.io Atul Rana - Maths and Science Tutor http://www.atulranatutors.co.uk #RedoxEquation #ElectrodePotential #AlevelChemistryTutor -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

Free Radical Substitution Exam Question. Showing how to write the propagation steps in the free radical substitution mechanism of a haloalkane. Related video: Free Radical Substitution Tips https://youtu.be/nKKcbks14hg Further Information Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Tutor Website https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ALevelChemistryTutor/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor/ Bitpaper - Whiteboard https://www.bitpaper.io Atul Rana - Maths and Science Tutor http://www.atulranatutors.co.uk -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students Download: 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students Download: 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I explain how to solve a back titration calculation and calculate the percentage of calcium carbonate in limestone. Back titrations are used when a reaction between an acid and a base is too slow for a standard titration. You'll learn: • How to calculate the moles of acid added • How to calculate the excess acid remaining • How to determine the amount of calcium carbonate present • How to calculate percentage composition About Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Teacher, Examiner and Published Research Scientist Helping OCR Chemistry students improve understanding, exam technique and confidence. #OCRChemistry #BackTitration #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryCalculations #OCRALevelChemistry

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I work through an A-Level Chemistry calorimetry calculation and show how to calculate the enthalpy of combustion of propan-1-ol from experimental data. Topics covered: • Calorimetry calculations • Energy transferred (q = mcΔT) • Moles and enthalpy changes • Enthalpy of combustion • Common sources of experimental error • Typical exam question methods Many students lose marks on calorimetry questions because they don't follow a clear calculation process. This walkthrough demonstrates a step-by-step approach that can be applied to similar exam questions. Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #Calorimetry #EnthalpyOfCombustion #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryCalculations #ChemistryRevision

How to balance redox half equations. Also how to use oxidation states to decide if a species has been reduced or oxidised. Helped by fellow online tutor Atul Rana in London whilst I'm in Burnley Lancashire. Using whiteboard #bitpaper and it's inbuilt video and audio Redox Equations in Alkaline Solution https://youtu.be/D7mQ7y6DwUk Further Information Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Tutor Website https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ALevelChemistryTutor/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor/ Bitpaper - Whiteboard https://www.bitpaper.io Atul Rana - Maths and Science Tutor http://www.atulranatutors.co.uk #Redox #HalfEquations #AlevelChemistryTutor -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I explain how to balance redox equations in alkaline solution using the half-equation method. Many A-Level Chemistry students find redox equations challenging because they must balance both atoms and charge correctly. In this walkthrough, I show the step-by-step method used to balance redox reactions in alkaline conditions. Topics covered: • Writing oxidation and reduction half-equations • Balancing atoms and charge • Using hydroxide ions and water in alkaline solution • Combining half-equations correctly • Common mistakes students make in redox questions This is a key skill for A-Level Chemistry examinations and regularly appears in assessment questions. Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #Redox #RedoxEquations #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryRevision #ElectrodePotentials

Demonstrating 3 ways to calculate an enthalpy change using enthalpy of formation data. For calculating the enthalpy of combustion of methane. With Atul Rana in London whilst I'm in Burnley Lancashire. Using online whiteboard #bitpaper and it's inbuilt video and audio. Playlist Enthalpy Change Using Combustion Data https://youtu.be/kIriwqd8dIg Using Combustion AND Formation Data https://youtu.be/l_EHPHa2eKc More information: Paul Morgan Website https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ALevelChemistryTutor/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor/ Atul Rana Maths and Science Tutor https://www.atulranatutors.co.uk Bitpaper https://www.bitpaper.io #EnthalpyChange #Hess's Law #AlevelChemistryTutor -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I show how to calculate an enthalpy change using both enthalpy of combustion and enthalpy of formation data. This type of Hess cycle question can be challenging because students must decide how to construct the cycle correctly before carrying out the calculation. Topics covered: • Hess cycles • Enthalpy of formation • Enthalpy of combustion • Thermochemistry calculations • Alternative methods for constructing enthalpy cycles • Common mistakes students make in energetics questions Related videos: Using Combustion Data https://youtu.be/kIriwqd8dIg Using Formation Data https://youtu.be/OdlrjvjQR_s Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #HessCycle #EnthalpyChange #EnthalpyOfFormation #EnthalpyOfCombustion #ALevelChemistry

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students: https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students: https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ These guides explain the most common mistakes I see in OCR Chemistry and what successful students do differently.

Showing how to calculate bond enthalpy of rocket fuel when given the enthalpy change of a reaction. Calculating the N-N bond enthalpy in the rocket fuel hydrazine. Can use the equation Enthalpy Change = Bonds Broken - Bonds Formed Or just remember bond breaking is endothermic (positive) and bond formation is exothermic (negative) For both gaseous and non gaseous reactions using an enthalpy cycle as shown here will be more useful... HOW TO CALCULATE a BOND ENTHALPY USING A CYCLE... https://youtu.be/K_jN9LvAhKc ENTHALPY CHANGE PLAYLIST Using Combustion Data https://youtu.be/kIriwqd8dIg Using Combustion AND Formation Data https://youtu.be/l_EHPHa2eKc How To Calculate Bond Enthalpy https://youtu.be/kbnWmSLZod8 More Information: WEBSITE Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Tutor https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com FACEBOOK https://www.facebook.com/ALevelChemistryTutor/ LINKEDIN https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor/ Bitpaper - Whiteboard https://www.bitpaper.io Atul Rana - Maths and Science Tutor http://www.atulranatutors.co.uk #HowToCalculateBondEnthalpyInRocketFuel #PaulMorgan #AlevelChemistryTutor -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

FREE A-LEVEL CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 OCR Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 OCR Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I explain how to calculate the pH of pure water at 50°C using the ionic product of water (Kw). This is a common A-Level Chemistry calculation that helps students understand the relationship between temperature, Kw and pH. You'll learn: • How to use the value of Kw • How to calculate the hydrogen ion concentration • How temperature affects the pH of pure water • Common mistakes students make in pH calculations Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist #ALevelChemistry #pHCalculations #Kw #ChemistryRevision #ChemistryExamQuestions

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I show how to use a quadratic equation to solve a challenging Kp equilibrium question. These questions are often considered among the more difficult equilibrium calculations because students must first develop an algebraic expression before calculating equilibrium amounts and determining Kp. Topics covered: • Equilibrium constants (Kp) • Setting up algebraic expressions • Quadratic equations • Equilibrium moles • Partial pressures • Advanced equilibrium calculations • Common mistakes in Kp questions Many students find these questions difficult because there is no direct route to the answer. In this walkthrough, I demonstrate a clear step-by-step method that can be applied to similar exam questions. Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #Kp #Equilibrium #QuadraticEquation #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryCalculations

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I work through a challenging Kp equilibrium question that requires the use of algebra to find the equilibrium composition before calculating Kp. Many A-Level Chemistry students are comfortable with standard Kp calculations but struggle when equilibrium amounts are not provided directly. Topics covered: • Equilibrium constants (Kp) • Setting up algebraic expressions • Equilibrium calculations • Partial pressures • Problem-solving strategies • Common mistakes in Kp questions This type of question often appears in more demanding A-Level Chemistry assessments and requires a structured approach to avoid errors. Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #Kp #Equilibrium #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryCalculations #ChemistryRevision

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I explain how to calculate the equilibrium constant Kp when percentage dissociation is provided. This is a common A-Level Chemistry equilibrium calculation that requires students to determine mole fractions, calculate partial pressures and then use these values to calculate Kp. Topics covered: • Percentage dissociation • Mole fractions • Partial pressures • Equilibrium constants (Kp) • Kp units • Common mistakes in equilibrium calculations Many students find these questions challenging because they involve several stages of calculation. In this walkthrough, I show a clear step-by-step method that can be applied to similar exam questions. Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #Kp #Equilibrium #PercentageDissociation #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryCalculations

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I explain how to calculate the equilibrium constant Kp when no total pressure is provided in the question. Many A-Level Chemistry students are comfortable calculating Kp when pressure data is given but become unsure when they need to determine mole fractions and partial pressures first. Topics covered: • Mole fractions • Partial pressures • Equilibrium constants (Kp) • Kp units • Gaseous equilibria calculations • Common mistakes students make in equilibrium questions This is a common A-Level Chemistry calculation and an area where students can gain valuable marks by following a clear method. Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping students improve their understanding, exam technique and confidence in Chemistry. #Kp #Equilibrium #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryCalculations #ChemistryRevision

How to calculate the pH of an acid buffer solution made from the reaction of a weak acid (ethanoic acid) and strong base (sodium hydroxide) to form the conjugate base (sodium ethanoate) and water. Playlist Acid and Base Mixture https://youtu.be/xs-DDMXrjhQ Diluted Acid https://youtu.be/Sjgu5i3jUgk pH of Water https://youtu.be/2yEO_jXmLN0 More information: Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Tutor Website https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ALevelChemistryTutor/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor/ Atul Rana Maths and Science Tutor http://www.atulranatutors.co.uk Bitpaper Whiteboard https://www.bitpaper.io #pHofBufferSolution #alevelchemistrytutor #PaulMorgan -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

FREE OCR CHEMISTRY GUIDES Year 12 Students Download: 4 Mistakes That Cause Strong GCSE Students To Struggle In Year 12 Chemistry https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear12/ Year 13 Students Download: 4 Mistakes Keeping Capable OCR Chemistry Students Stuck At Grade B Or Below https://chemistryvault.mysamcart.com/4mistakesyear13/ In this video, I explain how to calculate the pH of a mixture of a strong acid and strong base. Excess Acid 1. Calculate the moles of H+ and OH- 2. Calculate the excess moles of H+ 3. Calculate the excess H+ concentration 4. Calculate pH using pH = -log[H+] Excess Alkali 1. Calculate the moles of H+ and OH- 2. Calculate the excess moles of OH- 3. Calculate the excess OH- concentration 4. Calculate [H+] using Kw ÷ [OH-] 5. Calculate pH using pH = -log[H+] About Paul Morgan BSc | MSc | PGCE OCR A-Level Chemistry Specialist Helping OCR Chemistry students improve understanding, exam technique and confidence. #OCRChemistry #ALevelChemistry #ChemistryRevision #pHCalculations #OCRALevelChemistry

Private A Level Chemistry Tutor Paul Morgan with fellow tutor Atul Rana demonstrates how to calculate the pH of diluted acids using the online whiteboard #bitpaper More information Paul Morgan Private A Level Chemistry Tutor https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Atul Rana Online Maths and Science Tutor http://www.atulranatutors.co.uk Online Whiteboard Bitpaper https://www.bitpaper.io #pHofDilutedAcids #OnlineALevelChemistryTutor #PrivateALevelChemistryTutor -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

Online A Level Chemistry Tutor Paul Morgan with fellow tutor Atul Rana shows how to calculate an equilibrium constant Kc and it's units using the online whiteboard bitpaper _______________________________________ (00:00) Hi, I'm Atul and I'm in London right now. Hi, I'm Paul and I'm in Burnley Lancashire. So we're going to have a look at the equilibrium constant Kc and calculate Kc. So I'll go straight into the question... 5 moles of A is mixed with 5 moles of B in a volume 12 dm3. When the equilibrium is established it contains 3 moles of C. Find the equilibrium constant Kc at this temperature. So the equation Kc is concentration of products over reactants raised to the powers of their moles in the balanced equation. So [C]^2 ••••••••••••••••••• [A]× [B]^2 ICE method = Initial Change Equilibrium Initial 5 moles A 5 moles B 0 moles C Equilibrium 3 moles C (change of +3) So Atul what are changes of A and B? (01:30) Well since number of moles B is the same as the number of moles of C. I expect the change of B to be 3 as well. (01:40) It'd be a change of 3. So our reactants go down. And the change in A is half that so 1.5. (01:55) Excellent so what would be the equilibrium moles. (02:02) B 5 - 3 = 2 moles A 5 - 1.5 = 3.5 moles Equilibrium 3.5 moles A 2.0 moles B 3.0 moles C (02:21) We need to find the concentrations. So concentration = moles ÷ volume. So Concn C 3/12 = 1/4 Concn A 3.5/12 = 7/24 Concn B 2/12 = 1/6 And if we put all that into the calculator, (1/4)^2 •••••••••••••••••••••••• = 7.71 (7/24) x (1/6)^2 = 7.7 ( 2 sig fig) (03:35) And the units? Instead of putting numbers in the equation, we put the units. (molesdm-3)^2 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• (molesdm-3) x (molesdm-3)^2 So the squared terms cancel. So Atul with your maths head on could you tell me what the units would be for Kc? (04:19) Right so all we have left is the reciprocal of (molesdm-3) which is 1 ÷ (moldm-3) So when you move (moldm-3) to the top that is moles to the -1 and dm to the +3 so (mol-1dm+3) (04:40) So Kc is 7.7 mol-1dm3. (04:53) Great and the units of Kc depend on the number of moles of the reactants and the products in the equation. (05:08) Yes they do. And so you can have different values of units for Kc and you can even have no units if the concentrations cancel. (05:17) Of course. Can be dimensionless. And just to sum up trying to get a tangible meaning of Kc. I suppose it's how much towards the right the equilibrium is. The bigger that number the bigger the rightness to use an unscientific language. (05:42) Yes the bigger value (greater than 1) tells us the equilubrium lies to the right and the bigger the value the more to the right the equilibrium lies. And a value less than 1 lies to the left of the equilibrium. (05:58) And chemists interested in yield will be wanting a big value of Kc (06:03) Mm, that's pretty smart. And I suppose it's like an extension from GCSE where they look at yield in reversible reactions where the yield is a percentage but here you're looking at it more like an absolute number rather than percentage. (06:21) Yeah and at GCSE they look at what cause shifts in equilibrium. (06:26) Yeah. Perfect. That sounds great. Thanks very much for that. And I look forward to the next video. (06:34) Ok. Bye. _______________________________________ More information Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Tutor Website https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor Atul Rana - Maths and Science Tutor http://www.atultanatutors.co.uk #OnlineALevelChemistryTutor #PaulMorgan #EquilibriumConstant -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

Online A Level Chemistry Tutor Paul Morgan with fellow tutor Atul Rana demonstrates molar calculations involving limiting and excess reagents using the online whiteboard bitpaper _______________________________________ (00:00) Hi, I'm Atul and I am in London. Hi, I'm Paul and I'm in Burnley Lancashire. So today we look at limiting reagents and molar calculations. So the question here is what mass of Iron is formed when 8 g Iron oxide reacts with 2.16 g of Aluminium. For limiting reagents we look at the moles of the reactants. First of all for Iron oxide and Aluminium, we write down the mass, the Mr and the moles. We have 8g of Iron Oxide and 2.16g of Aluminium. 27 is the atomic mass of Aluminium. For Iron Oxide there are 2 iron atoms and three oxygen atoms. So 2(55.8) + 3(16) =159.6 (03:12) We've been asked for the mass of Iron so Mr (Ar) = 55.8. Moles = Mass / Mr so Iron Oxide is 8 ÷ 159.6 = 0.05 moles and Aluminium is 2.16 ÷ 27 = 0.08 moles. (04:13) We've got to work out which of these is the limiting reagent. So if this was a one to one ratio, then our Iron oxide would be the limiting reagent because it's less moles. But it's not a one to one. It's a one to two so if you look at the Aluminium we can say that 0.08 moles of Aliminium, would react 0.04 moles of Iron Oxide and we've more than that. So this is in excess. Therefore the Aluminium is our limiting reagent (05:13) To work out the mass of iron that's formed we use the limiting reagent moles (05:27) The Aluminium and the Iron have a one to one ratio. So we would form exactly the same number of moles. Mass = Moles x Mr so 55.8 x 0.08 = 4.464g = 4.46 g of iron (3sf) (06:31) So we workout the limiting reagent and then we work at the maximum product formed. (06:37) I'm guessing that if they assumed that iron oxide is the correct one, just hypothetically, they'll soon find out that the Aluminium doesn't compute because that'd be like 0.1 or something. (07:21) Yes. They could work out the other the other way round as well. They could look at the, the iron oxide is 0.05 moles so therefore that would react with double the aluminium 0.1 moles. And therefore you can see that the aluminium is the limiting reagent there because 0.08 moles is less than 0.1 moles. (07:42) So you can choose either reactant and work out which is the excess and which is the limiting reagent. (07:48) Yeah. And it's great because in real life one is going to be in excess and one is not just for practical reasons. And it's something students might've seen in titrations for example. So they can extend that idea. (08:05) Yeah. And sometimes the question will tell you that a certain reactant is in excess, so then you just use the other reactant but where it doesn't then you have to work out which is the limiting reagent. _______________________________________ More Information: Paul Morgan | A Level Chemistry Tutor https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Atul Rana | Maths and Science Tutor https://www.atulranatutors.co.uk #LimitingReagents #LimitingReactants #OnlineALevelChemistryTutor -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

How to quickly and easily calculate volumes for a gaseous chemical reaction More information: Paul Morgan A Level Chemistry Tutor Need help achieving a grade A in A Level Chemistry? Book your free A Level Chemistry Success Session with me here 👇👇👇 https://calendly.com/alevelchemistrytutor/alevelchemistrysuccessplan Join my exclusive group for parents and students of A Level Chemistry here 👇👇👇 https://www.facebook.com/groups/alevelchemistrysupport/ #PaulMorgan #GasCalculations #OnlineALevelChemistryTutor

Online A Level Chemistry Tutor Paul Morgan in Burnley with Atul Rana in London demonstrates how to write a rate equation and calculate a rate constant and it's units using the online whiteboard #bitpaper. More information Paul Morgan - A Level Chemistry Tutor Website https://www.alevelchemistrytuition.com Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ALevelChemistryTutor/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/onlinealevelchemistrytutor/ Atul Rana - Maths and Science Tutor http://www.atulranatutors.co.uk Bitpaper https://www.bitpaper.io #PaulMorgan #RateEquation #OnlineLevelChemistryTutor -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "HOW I TUTOR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY ONLINE " https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6vq7x368gU -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

Demonstrating how to do free radical substitution mechanisms of alkanes _______________________________________ More information: Paul Morgan A Level Chemistry Tutor Need help achieving a grade A in A Level Chemistry 🤔 Book your free how to get a grade A strategy session with me here 👇👇👇 https://calendly.com/alevelchemistrytutor/alevelchemistrysuccessplan Join my exclusive group for parents of and students taking A Level Chemistry 👇👇👇 https://www.facebook.com/groups/alevelchemistrysupport/ #PaulMorgan #FreeRadicalSubstitution #OnlineALevelChemistryTutor